Sunday, March 21, 2010

HISTORICAL EVENTS

HISTORICAL EVENTS

B.C

 

2500-1800 

Indus valley civilization.

599

Birth of Mahavir; Nirvana in 523. B.C.

563

Birth of Gautam Buddha; Nirvana in 483 B.C.

327-26

Alexander's invasion of India and the opening of land route between India and Europe.

269-232

Ashoka's reign.

261

Battle of Kalinga.

57

Beginning of Vikrama era.

30

Satvahana dynasty in Deooan. Pandyan empire in for south.

326

Alexander defeated Poras in the Battle of Hydaspas

261

Ashoka defeated Kalinga in the Kalinga War

  

A.D

 

78

Beginning of Saka era.

320

Beginning of Gupta era.

360

Samudragupta conquers the whole of N. India and much of the Deccan.

380-413

Rule of Chandragupta Vikramaditya, age of Kalidasa, renewal of induism.

606-647

Rule of Harshavardhana.

629-645

Hieun Tsang's visit in India.

622

Beginning of Hijra era.

712

Arab invasion of Sind by Mohd. bin Qasim.

1001-27

Repeated attacks of Mehmud Ghazni.

1025

Sacking of Somnath temple by Mehmud.

1191

First battle of Tarain in which Prithviraj Chauhan defeated Mohd. Ghori.

1192

Second battle of Tarain in which Mohd. Ghori defeated Prithviraj Chauhan.

1206

Qutubuddin Aibak founded the Ilbari/Slave dynasty.

1290

Jalaluddin Firuz Khilji established Khilji dynasty.

1290

Marco Polo visited India.

1320

Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq founded the Tughlaq dynasty.

1333

Ibn Batuta arrived in India.

1336

Harihara and Bukka founded the Vijaynagar empire.

1347

Bahmani kingdom founded.

1398

Timur invades India.

1451

Lodi dynasty comes in power in Delhi Sultanate.

1469

Birth of Guru Nanak Dev.

1498

Vasco da Gama lands at Calicut.

1510

Portuguese capture Goa-Albuquerque Governor.

1526

First Battle of Panipat in which Babar defeated Ibrahim Lodhi and established the Mughal dynasty.

1556

Second battle of Panipat in which Akbar defeated Hemu.

1565

Battle of Talikota in which Vijaynagar empire is defeated.

1571

Foundation of Fatehpur Sikri by Akbar.

1576

Battle of Haldighati in which Akbar defeated Maharana Pratap.

1582

Akbar started Din-i-llahi.

1600

English East India Company established.

1604

Compilation of Adi Granth.

1605

Death of Akbar.

1611

The English built a factory at Masulipatnam.

1627

Birth of Shivaji

1631

Death of Shah Jahan's wife Mumtaz Mahal. The building of Taj Mahal.

1658

Aurangzeb became Emperor of Delhi.

1666

Birth of Guru Gobind Singh.

1699

Guru Gobind Singh creates 'Khalsa'.

1707

Death of Aurangzeb, fall of Mughal empire begins.

1739

Nadir Shah invaded India; the peacock throne and the Kohinoor Diamond taken away from India.

1757

Battle of Plassey in which the English defeated Siraj-ud- daula, Nawab of Bengal.

1760

Battle of Wandiwash, end of French power in India,

1761

Third Battle of Panipat in which Ahmed Shah Abdali defeated the Marathas.

1764

Battle of Buxar in which the English defeated the triple alliance of Nawab Mir Qasim of Bengal, Nawab Shuja-ud-daula of Awadh and Mughal emperor Shah Alam.

1793

Permanent settlement in Bengal.

1799

Fourth Anglo Mysore War, death of Tipu Sultan, Ranjit Singh occupied Lahore and made it his capital.

1817-19

Marathas finally crushed.

1828

Lord William Bentick becomes Governor General; Era of social reforms; Prohibition of Sati (1829), Suppression of thugs (1830).

1835

Introduction of English as medium of instruction.

1853

First Indian railway from Bombay to Thane.

1857-58

First war of Indian Independence.

1858

British crown takes over the Indian Government; End of East India Company's rule.

1861

Birth of Rabindra Nath Tagore.

1869

Birth of M.K. Gandhi.

1885

Formation of Indian National Congress.

1905

Partition of Bengal by Lord Curzon.

1906

Formation of All India Muslim League.

1909

Minto-Morley Reforms.

1911

Delhi durbar held, partition of Bengal cancelled, capital shifted from Calcutta to Delhi.

1914

World War I started.

1918

End of World War I.

1919

Rowlatt Act, Jallianwala Bagh massacre, Montague- Chelmsford reforms.

1920

Non-cooperation Movement launched,

1921

Moplah rebellian in Malabar; visit of Prince of Wales.

1922

Chauri-Chaura incidence.

1923

Swaraj party formed.

1927

Simon Commission appointed.

1928

Visit of Simon Commission to India, death of Lala Lajpat Rai.

1929

          Congress demanded'Poorna Swaraj'in Lahore session.

1930

January 26 celebrated as Independence Day throughout India, Dandi Salt Satyagraha, First Round Table conference.

1931

Gandhi-lrvin Pact, Second Round Table Conference.

1932

Suppression of Congress Movement, Third Round Table Conference, Communal Award, Poona Pact.

1935

Government of India Act.

1937

Inauguration of Provincial Autonomy. Congress ministries formed in 8 out of 11 provinces.

1939

Resignation of Congress ministries, beginning of World War II.

1942

Cripps Mission Plan, Quit India Movement, Formation of Indian National Army by S.C. Bose.

1945

Simla conference held and the failure of Wavell Plan, INA trials at Red Fort, Delhi.

1946

Cabinet Mission Plan, Formation of Interim Government, Direct Action Resolution by Muslim League.

1947

Mountbatten Plan of June 3 in which partition of India resolution is proposed, India divided, Pakistan created, both achieve independence, Jawarhar Lai Nehru becomes the I Prime Minister of India.

1948

Assassination of Mahatma Gandhi (Jan. 30).

1950

India became republic (Jan. 26).

1951

First Five Year Plan implemented.

1952

First General Elections held.

1953

Tenzing Norgay and Sir Edmund Hillary conquer Mt. Everest (May 29).

1954

Panchsheel agreement between India and China.

1956

Life insurance nationalized, State Reorganising Act comes into force.

1957

Second General Elections.

1958

Metric system of weights and measures introduced.

1959

Dalai Lama exiled; enters India.

1961

Liberation of Goa.

1962

Chinese attack on India. (Oct 20).

1964

Jawaharlal Nehru dies; Lai Bahadur Shastri becomes PM.

1965

Indo-Pak war.

1966

Tashkent Agreement reached, Death of Lai Bahadur Shastri, Indira Gandhi became PM.

1967

Dr. Zakir Hussain elected President.

1968

Hargovind Khurana shares the Nobel Prize for Medicine and Physiology.

1969

Death of. President Zakir Hussain (May 3). V. V. Giri elected President, Nationalization of 14 leading banks, Split in Indian National Congress.

1970

Former Indian ruler's privy purses abolished. Dr. C. V. Raman died (Nov. 2).

1971

Indo-Pak War over Bangladesh.

1972

Shimla Agreement signed.

1973

Manekshaw named India's first Field Marshal

1974

Nuclear explosion at Pokhran (May 18).

1975

Indian satellite 'Aryabhatta' launched, National emergency declared.

1976

The four Indian News agencies merged into a single News Agency known as 'Samachar', life of Lok Sabha extended by an year.

1977

Defeat of Mrs. Indira Gandhi in the election, Morarji Desai takes over as PM, emergency withdrawn.

1978

India launches world's biggest adult literacy plan (Oct. 2).

1979

Charan Singh became PM., Mother Teresa won the Nobel Peace Prize.

1980

Indira Gandhi returns to power at centre, India launches first satellite using its own satellite launching vehicle (July. 18).

1981

India launched APPLE, Khalistan activists hijack Indian Airlines Boeing 737 to Lahore.

1982

Zail Singh sworn in as President, the 21-member Indian scientific expedition headed by Dr. S. Z. Qasim lands on Antarctica (Jan. 9), INSAT1 A launched, Ninth Asian Games held in New Delhi.

1983

The 7th Non Aligned Summit in New Delhi, Kalpakkam Atomic Energy plant goes critical (July 2), INSAT-1 B launched (Aug. 30), Richard Attenborough's "Gandhi" wins 8 oscars.

1984

Rakesh Sharma becomes India's first spaceman (Apr. 5), Bachendri Pal become the first Indian woman to scale Mt. Everest (May 23), Operation Blue Star, Assassination of Indira Gandhi (Oct 31), Rajiv Gandhi becomes PM, Bhopal Gas tragedy (Dec. 3).

1985

Anti-defection Bill passed (Jan. 3), Azharuddin hits 3 centuries in 3 tests.

1986

The first wholly Indian test-tube baby bom at KEM Hospital, Bombay (Aug. 7).

1987

Sunil Gavaskar becomes the first batsman to score 10,000 runs in tests (Mar. 7), Goa becomes the 25th state of India (May 30).

1988

India's first remote sensing satellite IRS 1 -A launched from Russia (Mar. 17), INSAT 1-C launched from French Guyana (July 22).

1989

Successful test of Agni (May 22), laying of the foundation stone for the Ram Janmabhoomi temple of Ayodhya (Nov 10). V.P. Singh becomes the PM.

1990

Successful launching of INSAT 1-D (June 12), Mandal Commission recommendation implemented (Aug. 7), V.P. Singh tenders resignation (Nov. 7), S. Chandrashekhar becomes PM. (Nov. 10).

1991

Rajiv Gandhi killed in a bomb blast (May 21), P. V. Narsimha Rao became PM. (June 21), Earthquake in Uttarkashi region (Oct. 20), Satyajit Ray got special Oscar award. (Dec.16).

1992

Prithvi test fired (May 5), INSAT-2 A launched (July 10), Dr. Shanker Dayal Sharma became President (July 25), the domes of Babri Masjid demolished (Dec 6).

1993

Panchayati Raj Act effective (Apr. 24), INSAT-2 B launched from French Guyana (July 23), Earthquake in Latur region (Sept. 30).

1994

First heart transplant in the country (Aug. 3), PSLV D-2 launched (Oct. 15).

1995

Punjab Chief Minister Beant Singh assassinated (Agu. 31), INSAT-2 C launched (Dec. 7)

1996

A.B. Vajpayee became PM. (May 16), H.D. Deve Gowda became PM. (June 1), India-Bangladesh sign Ganga Water Pact (Dec. 12)

1997

I. K. Gujral became PM. (Apr. 21), K. R. Narayanan sworn in as President (July 25), Mother Teresa passes away (Sept. 5), Arundhati Roy wins Booker Prize (Oct. 14), I. K. Gujral resigns as PM. (Nov. 28)

1998

Konkan railway commissioned (Jan. 26), A. B. Vajpayee became PM. (Mar. 19), India conducted total 5 nuclear tests (May 11 and May 13), Severe cyclone in Gujarat (June 9), Amartya Sen won the Noble Prize in Economics (Oct. 14)

1999

P.M. Vajpayee arrived in Pakistan by Delhi-Lahore bus (Feb. 20), India successfully launched its first commercial telecom satellite INSAT-2 E from Kourou (Apr. 3), Intense fighting in Kargil (June-July), Devastating cyclone in Orissa and A. P. (Oct.)

2000

U. S. President Bill Clinton visited India (Mar.) INSAT-3 B launched from Kourou (Mar. 22), Successful test firing of 'Dhanush', the naval version of 'Prithvi' missile (Apr. 11), Karnam Malleshwari wins a bronze at Olympics, Chattisgarh formed (Nov. 1), Uttaranchal formed (Nov. 9), Jharkhand formed (Nov. 15)

2001

The pilotless target aircraft 'Lakshya' inducted into the Indian Air Force (Jan. 5), Severe earthquake in Gujarat (Ja. 26), the newly-constructed Ennore port dedicated to the nation (Feb. 1), India successfully launches GSLV D-1 from Sriharikota (Apr. 18), Indo-Pak summit at Agra (July 15-16), Lok Pal Bill introduced in Lok Sabha (Aug. 14), Attack on WTC, New York shakes the world (Sept. 11), Lok Sabha passes the bill on "Right to Education till 14" (Nov. 30), Terrorist attack on Indian Parliament (Dec. 13)

2002

INSAT-3 C launched on Ariane rocket from Kourou in French Guyana (Jan. 24), ISRO successfully tries the indegenious cryogenic engine (Feb. 5), POTO passed in the joint session of the Parliament (Mar. 26), LCA test flown successfully (June 6), Cabinet clears 26% FDI in print media (June 25), Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam elected the President of India (July 18), Bhairon Singh Shekhawat sworn in as Vice-President of India (Aug. 19), India launches METSAT by using PSLV-C4 (Sept. 12), Draft of the Tenth Five-Year Plan approved by the Planning Commission (Oct. 5), BSNL launches mobile phone service (Oct. 15), Vajpayee and Putin sign Delhi declaration (Dec. 4), Kelkar submitted modified report on tax reforms (Dec. 28)

2003

Kalpana Chawla killed in space shuttle Columbia burnup (Feb. 1); Large reserves of oil & gas discovered in Barmer district of Rajasthan (Feb. 4); US launched attack on Iraq (Mar. 20); INSAT-3A launched from Kourou (Apr. 10); Indigenous Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) renamed 'Tejas' (May 4); GSLVD-2 launched from Sriharikota (May 8); First instance of power failure in modern USA (Aug. 15-16); Mars comes closest to Earth (Aug. 27); Govt. approves the purchase of Advanced Jet Trainers, Hawk, from Britain (Sept. 3); INSAT-3E launched from Kourou (Sept. 20); Pope John Paul-ll beautifies Mother Teresa (Oct. 19); First Afro-Asian Games held in Hyderabad (Oct. 24-Nov. 1); India & Pakistan agree to a formal cease-fire along the LOG (Nov. 25); 97th, 98th, 99th & 100th Constitutional Amendment Bills passed (Dec. 18-23)

2004

Sensex crosses the magical figure of 6000 (Jan. 2); India signs agreement with Russia for obtaining Admiral Gorshkov (Jan. 20); Delhi High Court clears Rajiv Gandhi from the Bofors deal (Feb. 4); 200 killed in Madrid train blast (Mar. 11); Nobel Medals of Rabindra Nath Tagore gets stolen from Shantiniketan (Mar. 25); NDA conducts election before time, but loses unexpectedly, UPA government comes in power, Dr. Manmohan Singh sworn-in as the new PM (May 22); 87 children killed in a fire in school in Kumbhkonam, Tamil Nadu (July 17); Olympics return to their homeland Athens, Rajyavardhan Rathode wins a silver for India (Aug. 13-29); Hamid Karzai wins the Presidential vote in Afghanistan (Oct. 14); Sandalwood King Veerappan is dead (Oct. 18); George W. Bush re-elected (Nov. 3); Kanchi Shankaracharya Jayendra Saraswati arrested on murder charges (Nov. 11); Yasser Arafat is dead (Nov. 11); Parliament dismissses POTA (Dec. 9); Tsunami causes havoc in South and South East Asia killing more than a lakh (Dec. 26)

 

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