ECOLOGY

1. The term Ecosystem was coined by — Tansley.

2. Ecological energetics — deals with the study of flow and conservation of various forms of energy in different kinds of ecosystem.

3. Ecotone— represents the border line where two different communities meet and blend.

4. The soil which is best suited for plant growth — Loamy soil.

5. The soil water which is available to plants and that which is not available to plants is — Chesard water & Echard water respectively.

6. Tropical Dry Decidious forest is — Madhya Pradesh.

7. Tropical rain forest —Andaman.

8. World Environmental Day — 5th June.

9. The grassland with Scattered trees or scattered clumps of trees —Savannah.

10. Megatherms — is a vegetation growing in the conditions in which high temperature prevails throughout the year in tropical rain forest.

11. Mesotherms — is a vegetation growing in the condition in which high temperature alternates with low temperature in — tropical deciduous

12. Hekistotherm - Vegetation growing in very low temperature condition (0-10°) in Alpine region.

13. The relative humidity is measured by

— Psychrometer.

14. The cloud formation, lightning, thundering, thunderstorm formation takes place in — Troposphere

15. The soil in which the water is present in abundance but it is not available to the plants due to high degree of salinity in it is called — Physiologically dry soil— Halophytic condition.

16. Psammophytes are the plants growing on sand.

Halophytes— growing on saline soil.

17. Chersophytes — growing on waste lands.

Oxylophytes— growing on Acidic soil.

18. Eremophytes— on desert Psilophytes — in savanna. Chasmophytes— in crevices of rocks.

19. The flow of energy in an ecosystem is unidirectly .

20. The pyramid of number in pond ecosystem is — Upright.

21. The pyramid of number in forest ecosystem is — Upright.

22. The pyramid of biomass of forest ecosystem is — Upright.

While that of pond ecosystem is — Inverted.

23. The pyramid of energy is always — Upright.

24. The green house gases which mainly cause global warning are — CH4, CO2, N2O, CFC and the tropospheric ozone.

25. Minimata Disease is caused to a heavy metal pollutant Mercury (Methylmercury).

26. The metal likes Cadmium causes — Itai Itai of Bone. & Arsenic Causes — Black foot disease.

27. Red Data book — contains information on all wild animals and plants that are in danger of extinction throughout the world.

28. Green Book — is the book which lists rare plants growing in protected areas like botanical garden.

29. Gene sanctuary- is the protected place where plants of specific genetic material and characters grow.

30. The angiospermic saprophytes — Eg. Neottia, Monotraoa Corallorhiza, Moneseis uniflora.

31. The total stem parasites — Cuscuta & Cassvtha.

Total Root Parasite — Rafflesia, Orobranche cistanche, striga. Balanophora.

32. Partial stem parasite — Loran thus, Viscum, Arceuthobium.

Partial root parasite — Santa lam album., Thesium on root of grass.

33. Denitrification occurs in seriously water logged anaerobic soils with a high organic matter content. Eg. Thiobacillus denitrificans and Micrococcus denitrificans.

34. The nitrifying bacteria converts NH3 to NO3 (nitrate):

(i) NH3 -> Nitrite — Nitrosomonas (ii) Nitrite -> Nitrate — Nitrobacter.

35. The pyramid of numbers of a parasitic - food chain in a forest ecosystem is Always inverted.

36. Ultravoilet radiation are injurious to plants as they cause genetic

abberation.